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Main points summary

• 43 instances of use of force by Ministry of Defence Police Officers recorded during the period from 1 July 2020 to 30 September 2020

• The most common reason for use of force was to protect other officer – 26 instances

• The most commonly recorded impact factor was alcohol - 19 instances

• The most commonly perceived ethnicity of individuals subject to use of force was White - 34 out of 43 instances

• The most common outcome was arrested - 32 out of 43 instances

Locations

• In most cases, use of force by MDP Officers took place on streets/highways – 20 recorded instances.

Table 1: Reasons for use of force

Use of Force reason[footnote 1]	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Protect other Officer	26	Ìý
Effect Arrest	23	Ìý
Protect Self	18	Ìý
Prevent Escape	16	Ìý
Prevent Harm	10	Ìý
Protect Public	10	Ìý
Effect Search	10	Ìý
Prevent Offence	7	Ìý
Secure Evidence	4	Ìý
Protect Subject	3	Ìý
Method of Entry	0	Ìý
Remove Handcuffs	0	Ìý
Other	0	Ìý
Total	127	Ìý

Table 2: Impact factors

Impact factors[footnote 2]	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Alcohol	19	Ìý
Mental Health	12	Ìý
Drugs	12	Ìý
Prior Knowledge	11	Ìý
Possession of a Weapon	8	Ìý
Size/Gender/Build	8	Ìý
Acute Behavioural Disorder	0	Ìý
Crowd	0	Ìý
Other	0	Ìý
Total	70	Ìý

Table 3: Primary conduct/behaviour of subject

Primary conduct/behaviour ofsubject[footnote 3]	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Compliant	23	Ìý
Active Resistance	9	Ìý
Serious or Aggravated Resistance	4	Ìý
Verbal Resistance / Gestures	4	Ìý
Aggressive Resistance	3	Ìý
Passive Resistance	0	Ìý
No Data Available	0	Ìý
Total	43	Ìý

Definitions of the conduct/behaviour categories are provided at End Note [i]

Table 4: Tactics deployed^{[footnote 4]}

Ìý	Most common	Second most common	Third most common
First tactic:43 instances	Compliant Handcuffing - 25	Non-compliant handcuffing – 5Unarmed skills - 5	CED – 4Firearms - 4
Second tactic:6 instances	Non-Compliant Handcuffing – 2Ground Restraint – 2Shield - 2	Ìý	Ìý

Table 5: Conducted Energy Devices and Firearms deployed

Presentation of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)	Instances
CED drawn	2
CED aimed	0
CED arced	0
CED red dotted	1
Use of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)	Ìý
CED stun	0
CED fired	1
Firearms	Ìý
Firearm drawn	2
Firearm aimed	2
Firearm fired	0

Officer Injuries

• Zero officers were assaulted or received minor injuries

• Zero officers were spat at by the subject

• Zero officers incurred severe injuries

Subject details^{[footnote 5]}

Table 6: Gender

Perceived gender of the subject	Count
Ìý	Ìý
Male	33
Female	10
Transgender	0
Total	43

Table 7: Age

Perceived age of subject	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Under 11 years	0	Ìý
11-17 years	3	Ìý
18 - 34 years	23	Ìý
35 - 49 years	12	Ìý
50 - 64 years	0	Ìý
65 years or over	0	Ìý
Not recorded	5	Ìý
Total	43	Ìý

Table 8: Ethnicity

Perceived ethnicity of subject	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
White	34	Ìý
Black (or Black British)	4	Ìý
Don’t Know	3	Ìý
Asian (or Asian British)	1	Ìý
Other	1	Ìý
Mixed	0	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Total	43	Ìý

Disabilities

• All subjects were perceived to have no physical disabilities.

• In 8 out of 43 incidents, the subjects were perceived to have mental disabilities.

Injuries & medical assistance

• Zero subjects received minor injuries in an instance where use of force was recorded.

• Zero instances of medical assistance were required

• Zero instances of medical assistance were provided

Table 9: Outcomes

Outcome	Count	Ìý
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Arrested	32	Ìý
Detained (Mental Health Act)	6	Ìý
Released/NFA	5	Ìý
Hospitalised	0	Ìý
Made Off/ Escaped	0	Ìý
Fatality	0	Ìý
Total	43	Ìý

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Table 3: Primary conduct behaviour of subjects – Definitions

Compliant: No resistance to instructions

Verbal resistance: Verbal abuse or gestures made but does not offer any physical resistance e.g. verbally swearing, offensive finger gestures

Passive resistance: Resistance that is not physical in nature but is intended to stop an officer or the general public from leading their day-to-day activities for example, sitting in the road, refusing to move

Active resistance: A form of resistance or obstruction that is mildly physical in nature e.g. pushing, shoving

Aggressive resistance: A stage above active resistance where physical resistance is more pronounced but has no intention to injure an officer e.g. struggling against an officer

Serious/aggravated resistance: Use of violence against police with the intention to seriously injure or evade arrest for example, striking with a weapon, punching.