Research and analysis

NOIDs causative agents: week 5 (week ending 6 February 2022)

Updated 16 January 2023

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NOIDs weekly report

Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Borrelia spp
  • Brucella spp
  • Burkholderia mallei
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei
  • Campylobacter spp
  • Carbapenemase-producing
  • Gram-negative bacteria
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Cryptosporidium spp
  • Dengue virus
  • Ebola virus
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Escherichia coli O 157
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Guanarito virus
  • Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
  • Hanta virus
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis D
  • Hepatitis E
  • Influenza virus
  • Junin virus
  • Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Legionella spp
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Machupo virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Measles virus
  • Mumps virus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium Knowlesi
  • Plasmodium Malariae
  • Plasmodium Ovale
  • Plasmodium Vivax
  • Polio virus
  • Rabies virus
  • Rickettsia spp
  • Rift Valley fever virus
  • Rubella virus
  • Sabia virus
  • Salmonella spp
  • SARS Coronavirus
  • Shigella spp
  • Streptococcus group A (invasive)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Variola virus
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • West Nile virus
  • Yellow fever virus
  • Yersinia pestis

Statutory notifications of causative agents, grouped by root organism

Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.

Week notification received 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02 2022/03 2022/04 2022/05
Arboviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
West Nile virus - - - - 1 -
Bacillus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bacillus cereus 15 14 19 17 14 16
Bordetella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bordetella pertussis 2 1 - 1 2 1
Borrelia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Borrelia burgdorferi 3 10 10 11 14 12
Borrelia sp - - 3 - 1 1
Borrelia tillae - 1 - - - -
Brucella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Brucella melitensis 1 - - - 1 -
Campylobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Campylobacter coli 14 16 19 14 15 14
Campylobacter curvus - - - 1 - -
Campylobacter fetus - 1 - - - -
Campylobacter jejuni 124 144 249 215 254 222
Campylobacter lari - - - - - 1
Campylobacter sp 447 562 608 633 676 693
Campylobacter upsaliensis - - - 1 1 -
Clostridium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Clostridium perfringens 27 31 23 23 21 29
Coronavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coronavirus 66 68 30 24 30 29
Human coronavirus 229e - - - - - 1
SARS coronavirus - 1 2 1 5 6
SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate 123 196 168 186 117 148
SARS-CoV-2 antibody void 82 327 2,579 86 99 56
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) 1,089,334 1,091,986 692,624 645,160 598,001 462,659
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) indeterminate 6,622 9,795 6,526 4,451 3,741 14,904
SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody negative - - - - 1 -
SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody positive - 1 - - - -
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative 1,519 2,253 2,112 1,721 1,558 1,409
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive 3,300 4,909 5,077 4,823 3,814 3,479
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody negative 1 13 1 2 2 7
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody positive 1 2 - 1 - 1
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative 2,462 6,174 22,218 3,195 2,407 18,699
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive 5,118 8,671 20,518 6,856 6,364 25,514
Corynebacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 1 - - 1 1 -
Coxiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coxiella burnetii - - - - 1 1
Cryptosporidium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cryptosporidium hominis 1 - - - 1 -
Cryptosporidium parvum 11 23 25 25 9 3
Cryptosporidium sp 6 18 20 17 39 39
Entamoeba Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Entamoeba histolytica - 5 - - - 2
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli O 157 5 8 6 2 7 1
Flaviviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Dengue virus 1 - - 1 2 -
Haemophilus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Haemophilus influenzae 41 29 44 28 37 38
Hepatitis viruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Hepatitis A 2 8 9 7 9 8
Hepatitis B 101 106 139 134 147 121
Hepatitis C 195 191 397 405 333 345
Hepatitis D 2 2 2 1 1 3
Hepatitis E 13 15 25 20 16 18
Influenza virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Influenza A 169 150 73 78 75 96
Influenza B 18 28 38 29 31 15
Influenza ungrouped 2 1 - - 1 -
Legionella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Legionella other named 1 - - - - -
Legionella pneumophila - 3 5 2 5 1
Legionella sp 2 2 1 - 1 1
Listeria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Listeria monocytogenes 4 1 2 1 1 -
Mycobacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 43 51 51 46 38 45
Neisseria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Neisseria meningitidis 9 5 14 7 8 7
Paramyxoviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Measles virus - - - - - 2
Mumps virus 2 2 2 1 2 2
Plasmodium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Plasmodium falciparum - 8 1 2 - 1
Polyomavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Polyomavirus BK 20 14 37 31 27 32
Polyomavirus JC 1 - 3 1 3 1
Rubella virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rubella virus 1 2 3 1 3 6
Salmonella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Other salmonellas 42 39 50 27 24 15
Salmonella enteritidis 5 15 22 21 8 7
Salmonella infantis - - 8 5 - -
Salmonella newport - - - 6 - -
Salmonella sp - 12 15 17 59 63
Salmonella typhi and paratyphi - - 7 7 7 16
Salmonella typhimurium 13 18 29 31 17 15
Shigella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Shigella boydii - - 1 - - -
Shigella dysenteriae - - - 3 - -
Shigella flexneri 6 8 5 12 12 7
Shigella sonnei 8 4 5 9 7 11
Shigella sp 17 10 16 19 26 38
Streptococcus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Streptococcus group A 19 12 28 27 22 33
Streptococcus pneumoniae 126 79 65 64 73 84

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)[footnote 1]

Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02 2022/03 2022/04 2022/05
Citrobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Citrobacter spp Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC 1 - 1 - - - Ìý
NDM 2 - - - - - Ìý
OXA48 2 - - 3 1 - Ìý
VIM - - - 1 - - Ìý
Enterobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Enterobacter cloacae complex Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - 1 - - - - Ìý
KPC 1 1 - 2 - - Ìý
NDM - 1 2 1 2 - Ìý
OXA48 - 1 - - 3 - Ìý
Other 1 - - - - - Ìý
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC 4 2 1 2 - - Ìý
NDM 4 2 3 1 2 2 Ìý
OXA48 - 1 2 1 4 - Ìý
Klebsiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Klebsiella oxytoca Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC 1 1 1 1 - - Ìý
NDM - 1 1 - - - Ìý
OXA48 1 - - - - - Ìý
Klebsiella pneumoniae Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - - 1 - - - Ìý
KPC 1 5 3 1 - - Ìý
NDM 6 5 1 4 2 1 Ìý
OXA48 6 3 3 4 2 - Ìý
Other 4 3 - 1 - 1 Ìý
Raoultella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Raoultella ornithinolytica Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
OXA48 1 - - - - - Ìý

Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms[footnote 1]

Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02 2022/03 2022/04 2022/05
Pseudomonas Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP 2 - - - - - Ìý
VIM 1 - 1 - - - Ìý
Other 1 1 3 2 - - Ìý

  1. For all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de-duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period.Ìý↩Ìý↩2

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