Research and analysis

NOIDs causative agents: week 9 (week ending 6 March 2022)

Updated 16 January 2023

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NOIDs weekly report

Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Borrelia spp
  • Brucella spp
  • Burkholderia mallei
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei
  • Campylobacter spp
  • Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Cryptosporidium spp
  • Dengue virus
  • Ebola virus
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Escherichia coli O 157
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Guanarito virus
  • Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
  • Hanta virus
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis D
  • Hepatitis E
  • Influenza virus
  • Junin virus
  • Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Legionella spp
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Machupo virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Measles virus
  • Mumps virus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium knowlesi
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Polio virus
  • Rabies virus
  • Rickettsia spp
  • Rift Valley fever virus
  • Rubella virus
  • Sabia virus
  • Salmonella spp
  • SARS coronavirus
  • Shigella spp
  • Streptococcus group A (invasive)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Variola virus
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • West Nile virus
  • Yellow fever virus
  • Yersinia pestis

Statutory notifications of causative agents, grouped by root organism

Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.

Week notification received 2022/04 2022/05 2022/06 2022/07 2022/08 2022/09
Arboviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
West Nile virus 1 - - - - -
Bacillus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bacillus cereus 17 20 11 16 16 15
Bordetella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bordetella pertussis 2 1 - - 1 1
Borrelia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Borrelia burgdorferi 14 12 9 7 4 15
Borrelia sp 1 1 - - 2 2
Borrelia tillae - - - - 1 -
Brucella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Brucella melitensis 1 - - - - -
Campylobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Campylobacter coli 15 17 14 16 12 18
Campylobacter fetus - - 1 - - 2
Campylobacter helveticus - - - - - 1
Campylobacter jejuni 262 259 210 232 213 220
Campylobacter lari - 1 - - - 1
Campylobacter rectus - - - 1 - -
Campylobacter sp 679 689 577 706 675 730
Campylobacter upsaliensis 1 - 1 1 - -
Clostridium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Clostridium perfringens 27 35 24 36 39 25
Clostridium tetani - - 1 - - -
Coronavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coronavirus 30 31 16 103 34 39
Human coronavirus 229e - 1 1 1 1 -
SARS coronavirus 5 6 - - - -
SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate 116 140 147 107 115 202
SARS-CoV-2 antibody void 99 57 1,594 49 46 53
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) 598,523 462,035 315,484 240,706 171,155 218,029
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) indeterminate 3,797 14,930 3,877 2,171 1,830 1,698
SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody negative 1 - - - - -
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative 1,564 1,416 1,477 4,838 1,011 1,231
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive 3,854 3,493 3,791 3,845 2,599 3,058
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody negative 2 7 6 - 3 -
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody positive - 1 1 1 2 -
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative 2,435 18,712 16,780 3,062 5,720 1,413
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive 6,407 25,575 18,855 6,458 10,286 4,334
Corynebacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 2 - 1 - - 2
Corynebacterium ulcerans - - 2 - - -
Coxiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coxiella burnetii 1 1 - - - 1
Cryptosporidium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cryptosporidium felis - - - 1 - -
Cryptosporidium hominis 1 - 1 - - -
Cryptosporidium parvum 28 21 16 12 14 6
Cryptosporidium sp 20 21 22 14 20 26
Entamoeba Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Entamoeba histolytica - 2 - - - 1
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli O 157 7 3 2 4 1 1
Flaviviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Dengue virus 3 - 2 - 1 -
Haemophilus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Haemophilus influenzae 40 47 52 55 39 41
Hepatitis viruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Hepatitis A 9 9 11 17 8 9
Hepatitis B 164 142 180 152 123 110
Hepatitis C 353 375 428 336 316 207
Hepatitis D 1 3 3 6 3 -
Hepatitis E 17 20 23 21 23 21
Influenza virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Influenza A 75 98 106 203 249 280
Influenza B 31 15 19 37 32 17
Influenza indeterminate - - - - 6 -
Influenza ungrouped 1 - - - 1 2
Legionella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Legionella pneumophila 5 1 2 6 4 -
Legionella sp 1 1 1 - - 1
Listeria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Listeria monocytogenes 1 - 7 5 1 -
Mycobacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 48 58 51 46 51 50
Neisseria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Neisseria meningitidis 10 8 8 5 5 9
Paramyxoviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Measles virus - 2 1 1 - 1
Mumps virus 2 2 3 - - -
Plasmodium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Plasmodium falciparum - 1 - - 2 -
Polyomavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Polyomavirus BK 27 32 21 34 23 32
Polyomavirus JC 3 1 1 4 4 3
Rubella virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rubella virus 3 6 2 4 4 1
Salmonella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Other salmonellas 46 48 39 38 25 26
Salmonella enteritidis 14 14 11 13 - -
Salmonella infantis - - 6 - - -
Salmonella mbandaka - - - - 6 -
Salmonella newport - - - 7 - -
Salmonella sp 11 11 8 9 37 69
Salmonella typhi and paratyphi 8 19 14 10 6 12
Salmonella typhimurium 36 30 31 32 20 15
Shigella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Shigella boydii 1 - 1 - 3 -
Shigella flexneri 15 14 17 10 10 8
Shigella sonnei 7 16 9 17 12 10
Shigella sp 22 27 23 41 37 41
Streptococcus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Streptococcus group A 27 34 32 21 32 21
Streptococcus pneumoniae 79 98 66 80 62 69

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)[footnote 1]

Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2022/04 2022/05 2022/06 2022/07 2022/08 2022/09
Citrobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Citrobacter spp Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC - 1 - 1 - -
OXA48 2 - 1 2 - -
Enterobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Enterobacter cloacae complex Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - - 1 1 - -
KPC - - 2 1 2 -
NDM 3 1 1 - 3 -
OXA48 3 1 - - - -
VIM - 1 - - - -
Other enterobacter spp Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
NDM - - 1 - - -
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - - 1 - - -
KPC 1 5 8 1 5 -
NDM 2 4 2 1 - 1
OXA48 5 1 3 2 2 1
Klebsiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Klebsiella aerogenes Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
NDM - 1 - - - -
Klebsiella oxytoca Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC - - 1 - - -
OXA48 - - - 1 1 -
Klebsiella pneumoniae Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC 1 3 2 3 5 1
NDM 2 3 1 3 1 1
OXA48 2 1 1 5 1 1
Other - 1 1 1 - -
Morganella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Morganella morganii Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
OXA48 - - 1 - - -
Providencia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Providencia stuartii Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
NDM - 1 - - - -

Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms[footnote 1]

Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2022/04 2022/05 2022/06 2022/07 2022/08 2022/09
Pseudomonas Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
VIM - - 1 - - -
Other - 1 - - 1 -
Other pseudomonas spp Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
VIM 1 - - - - -

  1. For all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de-duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period.Ìý↩Ìý↩2

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