UK Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP)
Information on past, present and future UK CHP survey plans, how to access and share hydrographic and seabed mapping data, and how to collaborate with the MCA
Overview: UK Civil Hydrography Programme
The Maritime & Coastguard Agency (MCA) has overall responsibility for the UK鈥檚 hydrographic obligations under the Safety of Life at Sea Convention (SOLAS). The MCA manages a multi-million-pound budget to systematically survey the waters around the UK. This programme is known as the 鈥淯K Civil Hydrography Programme鈥� (UK CHP). Under the UK CHP, commercial contracts are let to ensure accurate hydrographic information is gathered for updating the nation鈥檚 nautical charts and publications.
The UK CHP prioritises areas of highest navigational safety risk and surveys and maps UK home waters - defined by the boundaries of the UK鈥檚 Exclusive Economic Zone, an area in excess of 720,000km2 - in order to keep our nation鈥檚 nautical charts and publications current, safe and fit for purpose.
The MCA makes extensive use of geographic information systems (GIS) to prioritise survey areas using a contemporary risk analysis methodology capable of reflecting the changing pressures of the maritime sector.
The hydrographic survey work commissioned for the UK CHP is undertaken by contractors, who gather and report seabed data using their own personnel, equipment and vessels.
The UK CHP workscope is divided into the following streams:
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Routine Resurvey Programme - navigationally critical shallow water areas with mobile seabed;
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Shallow Water surveys - predominantly 0m to 40m water depth; and
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Medium Water surveys 鈥� 0m to 200m water depth.
To support the requirements of the UK CHP, the MCA specifies state-of-the-art survey technologies including high resolution multibeam echosounders (MBES) and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning Systems (GPS) to ensure accurate high-quality hydrographic information is gathered. Additionally, more focused work includes high-resolution wreck investigations, water column data collection and seabed grab sampling.
Prior to final data being accepted from contractors, it passes through a rigorous quality assurance process at the UK Hydrographic Office, where checks are made against items such as data density, interline consistency, geodetic parameters and tidal observations.
Once data has passed validation, it is archived to the UKHO鈥檚 bathymetric database ready for inclusion in their nautical charting products.
Where the MCA is surveying
The following graphics show the high priority areas that the MCA are surveying. These are the Shallow Water and Medium Water areas. Further surveys may be added, depending on available MCA budget, collaboration opportunities and survey capacity.
Future surveys
The following graphic shows the high priority areas that the MCA are considering taking forward in future years, or that may be brought forward to the current year, depending on available MCA budget, collaborative opportunities and survey capacity.
How the MCA gathers hydrographic and seabed mapping data
The details the requirements for hydrographic surveys undertaken on behalf of the MCA, and has been prepared in accordance with the
This specification has evolved over time from previous iterations, with technical input and support from the UKHO, and contributions from other Maritime Administrations, Hydrographic Offices, contractors and other MCA and CHP stakeholders.
The UK CHP Survey Specification is also shared widely with MCA鈥檚 survey partners and other collaborative public sector organisations to increase survey efficiencies under the 鈥榞ather once, use many times鈥� philosophy.
All surveys are conducted to the IHO Order 1a survey standard, as defined by the latest Edition of the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) publication 鈥�痺ith鈥痶he exception of single-beam echosounder (SBES) check lines which are undertaken on the Routine Resurvey鈥疨rogramme.
Technical requirements:
Multibeam Echosounder (MBES)
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Multibeam bathymetry is collected during all UK CHP surveys.鈥��
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The MCA usually require 100% bathymetric coverage in all areas they survey.鈥��
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System detection capability is defined by IHO requirements. Contractors are required to detect objects whose size is greater than a cube measuring 2m3, in water depths of up to 40m, and a cube with sides equal to 10% of depth in deeper waters.鈥�
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A minimum of 9 soundings per minimum detectable object are required.鈥��
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Sound velocity measurements are routinely taken throughout the survey鈥痠n order to鈥痯osition the soundings correctly.鈥��
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Contractors are often required to conduct tidal-stream observations at鈥痯articular locations.鈥��
Data quality control
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In addition to QC procedures employed by UK CHP survey contractors, technical personnel from both the MCA and UKHO routinely visit contractors鈥欌�痸essels throughout survey operations to verify data quality.鈥�
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Prior to final survey data being accepted from contractors, it passes through a rigorous quality assurance process at the UKHO, where checks are made for items such as data density, inter-line consistency, geodetic parameters,鈥痶idal observations鈥痚tc.鈥�
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Contractors are asked to provide error budgets prior to and after every survey so that the contribution of individual error sources are tightly defined. This ensures rigorous quality control of the final survey dataset.鈥��
Additional measurements
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Rigorous tidal reduction is required on all UK CHP surveys.鈥��
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Depths are reduced to Chart Datum (CD).鈥��
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Seabed grab samples are typically taken at 5km intervals to ground-truth multibeam backscatter observations.鈥��
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MBES water column data is collected over all found wrecks to support an assessment of their condition and ensure鈥痵hoalest鈥痙epth is found.
How to access UK Civil Hydrography Programme data
UK Civil Hydrography Programme data is freely available from the Data Archive Centres listed below, but if you require highest resolution full density datasets, please contact the MCA directly: hydrography@mcga.gov.uk
The UK Hydrographic Office hosts the Marine Environment Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for bathymetry data. Bathymetry data collected through the UK Civil Hydrography Programme are freely available
The British Geological Survey (BGS) hosts the MEDIN DAC for geology,鈥痝eophysics,鈥痑nd backscatter data. Backscatter data collected through the CHP are freely available
Routine resurvey programme
The Routine Resurvey Programme is a fundamental element of the UK Civil Hydrography Programme. Each year, the MCA undertakes numerous hydrographic surveys in shallow water areas of high seabed mobility which are critical to the safe navigation of vessels.鈥�
These surveys are predominantly on the east and south coast of the UK and also in the Bristol Channel but can be in other areas where the seabed is highly mobile and there is a navigational risk to seafarers.
Analysis of these surveys is undertaken by the UK Hydrographic Office on behalf of the MCA and the reports are available here.
CHP survey contracts
The MCA procure hydrographic survey services to deliver the UK Civil Hydrography Programme. The MCA does not hold a mailing list of potential suppliers but interested parties can sign up to the Government Contracts Finder portal to receive notifications of when any tender exercise in your area of interest is advertised.
How to propose a survey
Should you know or be aware of any areas of UK seabed that require updates to the nautical charts and publications that cover them, please contact the MCA. The MCA assess UK CHP survey areas using a contemporary risk-based methodology, but we are keen to receive any information that can aid us in our responsibilities to the mariner and the safety of life at sea. E-mail your suggestions for hydrographic survey to:鈥�hydrography@mcga.gov.uk.鈥�
Typical indications of an area requiring re-survey are:鈥�
- Old underlying survey data (check using the 鈥淪ource Data Diagram鈥� on the latest chart).鈥�
- A change in traffic patterns (e.g.,鈥痠ncreases in cruise ship visits).鈥�
- An accident occurring due to inaccurate or incomplete survey data; or鈥�
- Changes to the seabed due to鈥痵andwave鈥痬ovement / channel migration. 鈥�
- Offshore wind farm cumulative impacts on ship鈥痳outeing鈥痺ithin the UK EEZ and鈥痑butting with鈥痭eighbouring鈥疢ember States,鈥痵earch and rescue planning,鈥痗ross-border鈥痠ssues,鈥痜uture marine developments,鈥痚tc.鈥�
Sharing data with the MCA
If you are considering performing a hydrographic survey and are willing to share your data with us, we can pass it on to the UK Hydrographic Office to help them compile new or updated nautical charts and so help improve safety for mariners.鈥�
Your survey does not need to be carried out to full charting standards to be of use. Even without a full search for dangers, a modern survey can improve on our knowledge of the seabed. There will be no legal liability on you for the way that鈥痶he鈥痙ata鈥痠s used.鈥疕owever, data which fully complies with all aspects of IHO Order 1a would be ideal.鈥�
The MCA are always happy to give help and advice on hydrographic data gathering requirements鈥痠n order to鈥痠ncrease the usefulness of hydrographic survey data. Ideally bathymetry data would be rendered and delivered in digital form, with:
- Data in one of the following鈥痜ormats: CARIS鈥疨roject鈥疍irectory,鈥疩imera鈥疨roject Directory,鈥痮r鈥疓eneric Sensor Format.鈥��
- Spurious data cleaned from the final, delivered, dataset with rejected soundings included, but flagged as deleted.鈥�
- Details of the method used for data-cleaning.鈥�
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Digital data as full density (i.e.鈥痯rior to any gridding or鈥痓inning being applied), though if gridded datasets have been created then please include these too.鈥�
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The soundings reduced using observed tides (not predicted tides from Tide Tables).鈥�
- Depths referenced to鈥疌hart Datum for the area.鈥�
A report of the survey that describes how the data was gathered and processed would be of use, especially if it includes:鈥�
- A list of the equipment and software鈥痷sed;鈥�
- How positioning equipment was set up, calibrated and鈥痷sed;鈥�
- How the echo-sounder transducer was set up and levelled, together with all sensor鈥痮ffsets;鈥�
- Details of the horizontal datum to which the positions are referred (or the grid, if appropriate);鈥�
- How tides were measured, how the tide pole or tide gauge was levelled and how depths were reduced to chart datum.鈥��
How to collaborate with the MCA
As the largest commissioner of civil hydrography and seabed mapping in UK home waters the MCA recognises its responsibility to lead initiatives to improve co-ordination and co-operation between funders of Government hydrography.鈥疶he MCA are always exploring opportunities to collaborate with other organisations鈥痠n order to鈥痜urther increase efficiencies under the 鈥済ather once, use many times鈥� philosophy.鈥��
Within the hydrographic community, effective鈥痗ollaborations have been established鈥痓etween public sector organisations, government departments and with research and industry partners.鈥疭haring medium-term survey programmes and working together through partnerships and鈥疢emoranda of Understanding (MoU)鈥痟as enabled survey capability to be taken forward within and between organisations whilst maximising the leverage of public-funded survey assets and resources.鈥�
If you are interested in collaborating with the MCA on a hydrographic survey project, please contact us: hydrography@mcga.gov.uk
The Civil Hydrography Annual Seminar
The MCA convene the Civil Hydrography Annual Seminar (CHAS), which鈥痠s the only Government-led marine event of its kind that opens its doors to the UK hydrographic survey and seabed mapping community.鈥�
The primary aim of CHAS is to provide an open forum for Government and industry to come together to share their hydrographic data gathering and seabed mapping鈥痯rogrammes鈥痜or the forthcoming years to enable longer-term survey planning integration.鈥�
The aims of CHAS are:鈥�
- To provide an open forum for public sector鈥痮rganisations鈥痶o come together to share data gathering鈥痯rogrammes鈥痜or the forthcoming years鈥�
- To encourage co-operative working and survey planning integration鈥�
- To鈥痳ealise鈥痶he financial benefits of co-funding such work.鈥��
The MCA advocate a coordinated and integrated approach to the longer-term survey planning, which hopefully will enable鈥痶he鈥痟ydrographic sector to manage funding streams more effectively, develop new partnerships and strengthen existing collaborations between鈥痵takeholders.鈥��
If you are interested in attending CHAS, please e-mail hydrography@mcga.gov.uk
How to contact the MCA Hydrography team
If you have any queries relating to the UK Civil Hydrography Programme or seabed mapping, please contact hydrography@mcga.gov.uk
Documents
Routine resurvey programme analysis reports
Related content
Offshore Wind Energy & Shipping Safety
With the increased growth of offshore windfarm developments in the North Sea, the countries around the North Sea need and want to co-operate on where wind farms are sited, especially those proposed near the borders of the EEZ.
Strengthening the existing relationships between the various Member States has resulted in greater focus to:
- better co-ordinate planning and development of offshore and onshore electricity grid expansion to facilitate the expansion of offshore wind;
- collaborate on maritime spatial planning;
- develop an integrated approach to assessing cumulative impacts on navigation; and
- comment on proposed policies on surveying in and around windfarms, for navigation safety and meeting SOLAS obligations.
These areas of mutual interest will continue to be discussed and advanced at the North Sea Hydrographic Commission Resurvey Working Group and the forum for Offshore Wind Energy and Shipping Safety in the North Sea.
Guidelines for Offshore Renewable Energy Developers
The MCA has issued guidelines which are intended to aid developers when submitting development consent applications that impact upon hydrography. These guidelines should be read in conjunction with Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 654.
The MGN 654 guidance note highlights issues that need to be taken into consideration when assessing the impact on navigational safety and emergency response (search and rescue, salvage and towing, and counter pollution) caused by offshore renewable energy installation developments. It applies to proposals in UK internal waters, Territorial Sea and the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
All hydrographic surveys should provide full seafloor coverage that meets the requirements of the IHO Order 1a survey standard. Particular attention should be given to horizontal and vertical sounding accuracy, together with target detection requirements. It is requested that all data and reports are passed to the MCA for forwarding to the UKHO for the update of the UK鈥檚 nautical charts and publications.
Updates to this page
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UK CHP Yearbook 2024 Civil Hydrography Programme 2024_25 鈥� Shallow Water Areas Civil Hydrography Programme 2024_25 鈥� Medium Water Areas CHP 2025_28 provisional survey areas latest edition of the IHO Special Publication S-44 Standards for Hydrographic Surveys
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First published.